Mir GholamHashemi castle in Ilam is located in Farhad Abad village near the DarrehShahr city. According to the inscription on the entrance of the building of the castle, it is dates back to Qajar period. This inscription is the only evidence that names the building a ‘castle’. Unlike the implication of the word, there is no sign of military considerations, like other castles of this period. Architectural indicators of Iranian military castles such aswatch towers, loopholes, large iron gates, moats, magazine, prisons and the like are not found there. This research studies Mir Gholam Hashemi castle architecture work that is located in Farhad Abad village. This study used field research and literature review to analyze the main function of this building compared to other similar buildings in Qajar period.The purpose of this study is to analyze the available data to specify the use of this construction, whether it is a castle or a caravansary. The research question is that, what are the architectural elements that are used in the construction of this building; and the research hypothesis is that the architectural elements used in this building represents a Qajar caravansary. The results show that, this castle can be considered as a kind of private caravansary which in addition to its original purpose had some defensive and protective functions. This building was also supervising execution of country laws and by managing social relations between adjacent villages, in addition to guiding caravans, raised financial profits for the local Khan.

Mirza Gholam Reza Isfahani (D. 1304 Ah) Qajar era’ s calligrapher, is a comprehensive personality with own way in Iran’ s calligraphic history, who is a unique calligrapher in Qajar era. Mirza Gholam Reza has been proficient at all common dengues and templates in calligraphy, and especially he has created a new way in black homework template. Gholam Hossein Amir Khani (B. 1318) is one of the most famous calligraphers in the contemporary era and also one of those artists that has picked up the combined way in different periods of his art life. Furthermore, in his works, there seen the trace of those great masters’ works like Safavid era famous calligrapher Mir Emad-Particularly Qajar era calligrapher Mohammad Reza Kalhor. In chalipa, we encounter clear differences in studying the works of Mirza Gholam Reza Isfahani and Amir Khani. Therefore, in this article, we study two crosses that have the same text. The goal of this article is to comparatively study and identify the style in the works of Gholam Reza Isfahani and Gholam Hossein Amir Khani. In this article, attempts were made to extract the used rules in writings of those two works due to the superficial similarity to specify the common aspects and structural differences. The comparison is according to what exists in calligraphy tradition; that is, firstly it studies the material calligraphy, then words and at last words compound and seats style of calligraphy in these two works. Since, in a chalipa work, important points and rules are hidden in the structure, the identification of this structure can help to extract correct information from Chalipa and Nastaliq calligraphy. This research is an applied research and has been done with descriptive-analytic method and the comparative approach, data collection is librarian method and the analysis is done through a qualitative to non-narrative method.

Objective: It is reasonable to investigate the signaling pathways in diseases such as mastitis in dairy cattle, which are more likely to be affected by epigenetics. Materials and methods: In this research, 5 microscopic RNA molecules with the accession numbers bta-mir-223, bta-mir 21-5p, bta-mir-181, bta-mir-146a and bta-mir-16a in the sources were identified and extracted from the literatures. Using mirtarbase and targetcan databases, respectively, the confirmed and predicted target genes were extracted for each of the top microRNAs, respectively. Subsequently, the expression of the predicted and confirmed target genes for each of the top microRNAs in the mammary gland tissue was investigated at the NCBI database. In addition, using the DAVID software, cellular signaling pathways were identified in KEGG. Results: Based on the results, bta-mir-146a microRNA through effects on of 7 proteins, and microRNA bta-mir-223 through effects on 11 proteins and micro RNA bta-mir21-5p through effects on 9 proteins, involved in various cellular signaling pathways, sought to be involved in mastitis in dairy cattle. The results also showed that two bata-mir-181 and btamir-16a played an important role in crucial pathways such as the GnRH signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation Oxytocin Signaling Pathway and MAPK Signaling Pathway. Conclusions: This study shows that the microRNAs can be used as molecular markers to dissect molecular etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common leukemia in children. Changes in the expression of microRNAs occur in ALL. The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of miR-128, miR-144-3p, miR-181b, and miR-451 in diagnosis and response to treatment in children with B-ALL. Methods: In this study, serum samples were collected from 12 children with B-ALL at diagnosis, as well as 12 healthy individuals as a control group. All patients received chemotherapy and after treatment entered in this study, and the expression of miR-128, miR-144-3p, miR-181b, and miR-451 was evaluated after and before treatment of patients. Finding: miR-144 was significantly downregulated in newly diagnosed patients with ALL compared to control groups (0. 26 fold, P = 0. 020), and also the expression of miR-144-3P significantly increased after treatment in comparison to before it (4 fold, P < 0. 001). In addition, miR-128 (0. 11, P = 0. 006), and mir-181b (0. 34 fold, P = 0. 040) expression significantly decreased after treatment compared to newly diagnosed patients. Conclusion: The reduced expression of miR-144-3p can be served as diagnostic biomarker, and upregulation of miR-144-3p can predict treatment response in patients with ALL. Moreover, the abnormally reduced expression of miR-128 and miR-181b after the treatment of patients, indicate that these microRNAs can be candidate as therapeutic biomarker in pediatric ALL

Gholam A Peyman is an outstanding and brilliant mentor, educator, scientist, and surgeon.Dr Peyman was born in Shiraz, Iran and upon finishing high school, moved t o Ge rma n y. He completed medical school, a residency in ophthalmology and a fel lowshi p program in vitreoretinal diseases.

The Talpourians ruled in Send during 1700-1782 A.D. The language spoken at their court was Persian. Gholam-Mohammad Khan Laghari, whose family was very interested in Persian poetry, culture, and language, was a poet of Talpourian dynasty. He was the son of Ali-Mohammad Khan (1162-1250 Hegira) and through him, he learned Persian and Arabic.Gholam-Mohammad Khan was considered as a famous adviser and commander. He passed away in 1279 Hegira. Gholam was proficient in composing Persian poems. Mostly he followed the style of Hafez Shirazi’s sonnets.This paper tries to explain the sonnets composed by Gholam-Mohammad, following Hafez’s footsteps.

Aim: In this study, the correlation of miR-33a, miR-429 and miR-200c with EMT pathway was investigated in the non-small cell lung cancer. Material and methods: Real-Time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of the mentioned miRNA in 30 non-small cell lung tumor tissues (66% of cells were in stages I, II and the rest were in stage III). RNA extraction was performed and cDNA synthesized using stem-loop primers. The quantitative evolution of gene expression were performed using specific primers and data was analyzed by 2 Results: The evaluation of expression changes for miR-33a showed that 11 samples were upregulated. miR-429 and miR-200c showed an increased expressions in 12 and 18 tumor samples, respectively. There was no significant difference between the levels of expression (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: There was no significant change in the level of expression of miR-33a, miR-429 and miR-200c. These results could be due to sample size or the early stage of samples.

Objective: The current methods for bladder cancer diagnosis suffer from low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, finding a novel tumor markers with high specificity and sensitivity is of great interest. MicroRNAs (miRNA, miR) are small endogenously-produced, non-coding RNAs with an important role in regulating gene expression. Recent studies show that miRNAs expression profiles represent significant tumor-specific changes that are unique for most cancers. The aim of this study was to optimize miRNA containing total RNA extraction from urine and use it as a reliable and repeatable technique for miRNA detection in urine of patients with bladder cancer.Materials and Methods: Total RNA was extracted from the urine of patients with bladder cancer and normal individuals using RNX and Trizol solutions with and without modifications of original protocols. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was then used to detect miRNAs with a potential link to bladder tumorigenesis.Results: RNX and the modified Trizol are practical methods for RNA extraction from urine samples. The mir-21 amplification of the extracted RNAs using modified Trizol method was more efficient than that of RNX method. It is noteworthy that, the levels of miRNAs expression were much higher in the frozen urines compared to the fresh ones.Conclusion: We have succeeded to set-up a protocol to easily amplify miRNAs in urine samples. Based on the data, microRNAs seem to be good biomarkers for early detection and screening of bladder cancer.